Celery (Apium graveolens L., 2n = 22), one of the most important crop belonging to Apiaceae family having high nutritional and medicinal value, is cultivated globally. Celery has promising health-promoting ability owing to the presence of minerals, vitamins, apigenin, coumarin, polyphenols, and other antioxidant compounds. With the advent of state-of-the-art molecular breeding and genomics tools, much progress has been made in the genetic improvement of celery. Numerous molecular markers have been developed for the genetic characterization of celery germplasm and their effective use in celery breeding. The development of genetic and genomic resources has accelerated the celery breeding for quality traits, disease and insect resistance, tolerance to abiotic stresses, and generation of late bolting types. Elucidation of molecular pathways and key regulatory genes governing various cellular processes in celery growth and development has been completed. This chapter highlights the current status and future prospect of fundamental and applied research, genetic and genomic resources, germplasm conservation, genomics, and genome editing tools in enhancing celery genetic improvement.