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This paper focuses on evaluating the velocity of glaciers, a region distinguished by its abundance of glaciers compared to other states. Leveraging freely accessible optical satellite imagery, the study analyzes ten benchmark glaciers, employing Landsat 8 panchromatic band imagery captured in December 2021 and December 2022. Utilizing the frequency correlation technique, which is based on the principle of computing the relative displacement between a pair of images retrieved from a Fourier transform, the research generates horizontal, vertical, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) images, strategically excluding pixels with SNR values ≥0.9. The findings present a spectrum of velocities among the benchmark glaciers in Sikkim, ranging from 0.5 to 50 meters per year. The examination of glacier surface ice flow velocity through spatial analysis shows distinct behavioral variations across different regions within the glacier. This research underscores the significance of optical satellite imagery in glacial studies, providing crucial insights into the dynamic behavior of Sikkim’s glaciers. It is crucial to grasp the broader consequences of these dynamics to comprehend the overall impact of climate change on freshwater resources in the area.

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Optical Satellite Imaging for Glacial Velocity Analysis: Insights from Sikkim Glaciers Using Computer Vision Techniques

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Adithya Sunil,
  • Geetha Priya Murugesan

摘要

This paper focuses on evaluating the velocity of glaciers, a region distinguished by its abundance of glaciers compared to other states. Leveraging freely accessible optical satellite imagery, the study analyzes ten benchmark glaciers, employing Landsat 8 panchromatic band imagery captured in December 2021 and December 2022. Utilizing the frequency correlation technique, which is based on the principle of computing the relative displacement between a pair of images retrieved from a Fourier transform, the research generates horizontal, vertical, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) images, strategically excluding pixels with SNR values ≥0.9. The findings present a spectrum of velocities among the benchmark glaciers in Sikkim, ranging from 0.5 to 50 meters per year. The examination of glacier surface ice flow velocity through spatial analysis shows distinct behavioral variations across different regions within the glacier. This research underscores the significance of optical satellite imagery in glacial studies, providing crucial insights into the dynamic behavior of Sikkim’s glaciers. It is crucial to grasp the broader consequences of these dynamics to comprehend the overall impact of climate change on freshwater resources in the area.