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In Antarctica, surface melting can lead to the formation of meltwater ponds and streams. These, in turn, have the potential to promote the basal sliding of glaciers and accelerate the movement of ice. Additionally, the accumulation of meltwater can lead to the development of subglacial lakes, which can cause hydrofracturing and de-stability in ice shelves. The present study focuses on determining the surface melt extent (SME) over the Nivlisen ice shelf (NIS) in East Antarctica. The NIS is a large floating platform of ice that is situated on the periphery of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, which is approximately 120 km (75 miles) in length and can be up to 50 km (31 miles) wide. Sentinel-1 SAR (synthetic aperture radar) data during the Austral summer of 2022–2023 were processed to estimate the surface melt extent by thresholding the backscatter coefficient. Climate change is having a significant impact on surface melt over the Antarctic ice shelf (AIS), with increasing temperatures and changing precipitation patterns leading to more melting and loss of ice. Results indicate that on average 45% of the shelf, area has undergone surface melt during the study period and the same has been validated using the ground truth data acquired during the field season Nov 2022-Feb 2023 at Schrimacher Oasis, central Dronning Maud land (cDML), East Antarctica.

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Surface Melt Assessment of Nivlisen Ice Shelf, East Antarctica via SAR Satellite Data Analysis During Austral Summer 2022–2023

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Geetha Priya Murugesan,
  • Dhanush Satish,
  • Raghavendra Koppuram Ramesh Babu,
  • Mahesh Baineni,
  • Rakshita Chidananda

摘要

In Antarctica, surface melting can lead to the formation of meltwater ponds and streams. These, in turn, have the potential to promote the basal sliding of glaciers and accelerate the movement of ice. Additionally, the accumulation of meltwater can lead to the development of subglacial lakes, which can cause hydrofracturing and de-stability in ice shelves. The present study focuses on determining the surface melt extent (SME) over the Nivlisen ice shelf (NIS) in East Antarctica. The NIS is a large floating platform of ice that is situated on the periphery of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, which is approximately 120 km (75 miles) in length and can be up to 50 km (31 miles) wide. Sentinel-1 SAR (synthetic aperture radar) data during the Austral summer of 2022–2023 were processed to estimate the surface melt extent by thresholding the backscatter coefficient. Climate change is having a significant impact on surface melt over the Antarctic ice shelf (AIS), with increasing temperatures and changing precipitation patterns leading to more melting and loss of ice. Results indicate that on average 45% of the shelf, area has undergone surface melt during the study period and the same has been validated using the ground truth data acquired during the field season Nov 2022-Feb 2023 at Schrimacher Oasis, central Dronning Maud land (cDML), East Antarctica.