Tianjin: From Coastal Advantages to Large-Scale Urban Transformation

With a rich historical background, Tianjin has become a northern Chinese city of lasting significance. Tianjin, which is situated by the Bohai Sea, has long been an important entry point to Beijing, the capital of the country (Dong and Wang, Energy Procedia 17:436–443, 2012; Qiao et al., Environ Monit Assess 193:1–15, 2021). Its significance as a major port and trading hub during the imperial era, when it served as an essential conduit for goods and cultural exchange between China and the wider world (Kwan, The merchant world of Tianjin: society and economy of a Chinese city. Stanford University, 1990), emphasizes its historical significance.