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With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), current investigations focus on the enhancement of energy-efficient routing protocols that play a dominant role in establishing communication between numerous sensors positioned in topographical positions. Several studies were carried out that focus on the growth of energy-based protocols. One among them is Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) which is an application-based protocol designed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). As nodes act as Cluster Heads (CHs) on a rotation basis, LEACH protocol consumes less energy. Though there are numerous forms of heuristic energy-based algorithms designed by improving the competencies of the protocol, it is found that there are substantial drawbacks in hierarchical routing protocols. In this paper, WASPAS-improved LEACH Protocol (WASPAS-LEACH) is presented with the objective of selecting optimal cluster heads with extended network lifetime and energy stability during the clustering process. It permits sensors to communicate using acknowledgment-based node distance and improved network mapping involving signal strength. This WASPAS-LEACH possesses the potentiality towards the separation of data traffic depending on the factors of signal strength, residual energy, and speed capacity. This paper also demonstrates the performance evaluation of WASPAS-LEACH explored with respect to the diversified factors of residual energy of nodes, network energy, throughput, and packet delivery with suitable justifications.

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An Advanced LEACH Protocol Using WASPAS for Optimal Cluster Head Selection to Extend Network Life in WSNs

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • P. A. Abdul Saleem,
  • R. Raja,
  • R. K. Selvakumar,
  • K. Venkateswara Rao,
  • P. A. Ajmal Abdullah

摘要

With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), current investigations focus on the enhancement of energy-efficient routing protocols that play a dominant role in establishing communication between numerous sensors positioned in topographical positions. Several studies were carried out that focus on the growth of energy-based protocols. One among them is Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) which is an application-based protocol designed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). As nodes act as Cluster Heads (CHs) on a rotation basis, LEACH protocol consumes less energy. Though there are numerous forms of heuristic energy-based algorithms designed by improving the competencies of the protocol, it is found that there are substantial drawbacks in hierarchical routing protocols. In this paper, WASPAS-improved LEACH Protocol (WASPAS-LEACH) is presented with the objective of selecting optimal cluster heads with extended network lifetime and energy stability during the clustering process. It permits sensors to communicate using acknowledgment-based node distance and improved network mapping involving signal strength. This WASPAS-LEACH possesses the potentiality towards the separation of data traffic depending on the factors of signal strength, residual energy, and speed capacity. This paper also demonstrates the performance evaluation of WASPAS-LEACH explored with respect to the diversified factors of residual energy of nodes, network energy, throughput, and packet delivery with suitable justifications.