Considering risk and reserve safety constraints, an optimization scheduling method considering the wind power ramp-up reserve demand is proposed. Based on the wind power ramp-up segment, the ramp-up amplitude-forecast power two-dimensional interval is established, and the adaptive kernel density estimation method is used to fit the probability distribution of wind power forecast errors. According to the wind power forecast error distribution, the system reserve demand is determined. With the objective of minimizing the comprehensive operating cost of the system, including reserve cost and risk cost, the reserve capacity, unit combination, and output plan are optimized. The case study verifies that the established wind power forecast error distribution model can more accurately describe the random fluctuation characteristics of wind power. The proposed day-ahead scheduling method can reasonably allocate system reserve capacity, ensuring the safety and economy of operation.