Aiming at the problems of high network loss due to random charging by users and insufficient node transformer capacity in the optimal scheduling of large-scale electric vehicles (EVs), an optimal scheduling strategy for EVs with virtual network loss as a guideline considering the node carrying capacity and network loss of the distribution network is proposed. First, the real-time node load ratio and node network loss sensitivity are calculated to create a virtual network loss target guideline; second, a spatial scheduling model including EVs is created by taking the lowest virtual network loss of charging as the objective function, and taking into account the constraints of the node currents, the number of charging piles, and the safety limitations; lastly, the spatial scheduling model is transformed into the mixed-integer second-order conical model through the cone optimization to relax the constraints, and the optimal distribution of EV charging quantities is realized by solving the distribution network nodes. Finally, the optimal distribution of EV charging quantity is solved by transforming the spatial scheduling model into a mixed-integer second-order cone model to realize the spatial scheduling of EV cluster users. The example shows that compared with the traditional scheduling, the proposed scheduling strategy can consider the weak nodes of the distribution network, alleviate the node heavy load rate, improve the operational security of the distribution network, and realize the friendly interaction between EV users and the distribution network.