Ice cover is a crucial factor affecting the safe and stable operation of wind turbines, and it is of great significance to understand and master the influence of the growth characteristics of ice cover on the aerodynamic and power output characteristics of wind turbines, in order to optimize the control strategy of wind turbines and put forward the targeted anti-icing method. In this paper, with the goal of analyzing the influence of different ice-covered ranges on the aerodynamic and power characteristics of fan blades, a hydrodynamic simulation model of ice-covered fan blades with different ice-covered ranges and thicknesses was established, and key parameters such as the airflow field, lift resistance ratio and wind energy utilization rate of the fan blades under the working conditions of the three typical ice-covered ranges were calculated and analyzed. The results show that: when the rotational speed of the fan is gradually increased within a reasonable range, the wind energy utilization Cp of the blades at 0.75R and R increases and then decreases, and the Cp changes in a smaller magnitude, while the wind energy utilization of the blades at 0.5R grows with the rotational speed rapidly, and the magnitude of the change is larger; in the case of small ice cover thickness, the larger ice cover range even improves the aerodynamic performance characteristics of the fan blade, but with the increase of the ice cover thickness, this “reverse” is not a good choice for the wind energy utilization, and it is a good choice for the wind energy utilization. However, as the ice thickness increases, this “anomalous” feature disappears rapidly.