In the field commissioning or diagnostic testing of converter transformers, partial discharge detection is one of the key tests used to assess the integrity of internal insulation structures. This study established a distributed parameter simulation model for the windings of converter transformers and validated the effectiveness of using the monomer balance method to measure partial discharge pulse signals. Subsequently, by varying the positions where partial discharge pulse signals were applied to the windings, different waveforms of signals at the detection impedance were obtained. These waveforms were then subjected to time-domain and frequency-domain analyses, and the influence of the relative positions of discharge points and detection points on the amplitude of the output waveform was studied. Finally, the propagation characteristics of partial discharge between windings of converter transformers based on monomer balance method are summarized from the aspects of signal coupling, composition and propagation path, which provides a richer theoretical basis for subsequent research.