Taking multi-electric aircraft and high-altitude power engineering as examples, this paper systematically summarizes and sorts out the research results of low-pressure and high-voltage insulation technology and its research status at home and abroad. Moreover, this paper focuses on the special problems and unique environment faced by low-pressure and high-voltage insulation technology in the field of multi-electric aircraft and high-altitude power engineering, and summarizes the solutions and countermeasures of low-pressure and high-voltage insulation technology in these two fields, as well as the main work and development direction of low-pressure and high-voltage insulation technology in these two fields in the future.