The pesticides must be sprayed separately in the plant protection operation of strip compound planting mode of soybean and maize, because the different types of pesticides used in soybean protection and corn protection, and improper spraying will cause serious damage (especially herbicides). On the other hand, there is a big difference between the height of soybeans and corn in the mid- to late-growing stage. It is difficult to carry out plant protection operation using the ordinary spraying machine. It is necessary to develop the plant protection equipment in a targeted manner. Combined with the actual geographical characteristics of the spraying operation and the needs of users, focusing on the agronomic requirements of strip compound planting mode of soybean and maize, a diesel engine-driven articulated steering unmanned plant protection vehicle (model 3WPZ-600), an electric-driven self-propelled unmanned plant protection vehicle (model 3WPZ-200), and a gasoline engine-driven hand-held plant protection vehicle (model 3WPZ-100) for strip compound planting mode of soybean and maize were developed. The design of the independent double spraying system facilitates the independent control of pesticides and spraying parameters required for soybeans and corn. The optimized selection of anti-drift directional nozzles and the installation of anti-drift partition boards and shields can achieve the physical isolation of pesticide droplets. The design of the high clearance chassis with an adjustable wheel track can adapt to different planting rows and soybean plant heights. The design of the adjustable spraying width structure can adapt to the different planting widths of the corn belt and the soybean belt. The overall height of the spray boom can be adjusted and the two ends of the spray boom can be partially deformed which can adapt to the difference between the height of soybeans and corn in the whole growing stage. The results of the prototype field test include the coefficient of variation of the single nozzle flow rate was less than 15%; the coefficient of variation of spray uniformity in the direction of the spray boom was less than 10% at operating heights of 50–60 cm and pressures greater than 3 bar; and the droplet drift increased with the increase of the traveling speed, the drift of pesticides sprayed in the soybean belt to the corn belt became severe when the forward speed reached 8 km/h, and the droplet deposition density reached 43.52 points per cm2. It is recommended that in weed control, the operation speed should not exceed 7 km/h. Therefore, the boom sprayer designed for strip compound planting mode of soybean and maize could meet the plant protection operation requirements from the seedling weeding to the middle and late stage of pest control and also provide technical reference for the research and development of plant protection machinery in other compound planting modes.

Plant Protection Equipment in Maize–Soybean Strip Intercropping System

章节
发表日期：

2025年

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He Li,
Xuewen Liu,
Changchang Yu,
Li Ding

摘要

The pesticides must be sprayed separately in the plant protection operation of strip compound planting mode of soybean and maize, because the different types of pesticides used in soybean protection and corn protection, and improper spraying will cause serious damage (especially herbicides). On the other hand, there is a big difference between the height of soybeans and corn in the mid- to late-growing stage. It is difficult to carry out plant protection operation using the ordinary spraying machine. It is necessary to develop the plant protection equipment in a targeted manner. Combined with the actual geographical characteristics of the spraying operation and the needs of users, focusing on the agronomic requirements of strip compound planting mode of soybean and maize, a diesel engine-driven articulated steering unmanned plant protection vehicle (model 3WPZ-600), an electric-driven self-propelled unmanned plant protection vehicle (model 3WPZ-200), and a gasoline engine-driven hand-held plant protection vehicle (model 3WPZ-100) for strip compound planting mode of soybean and maize were developed. The design of the independent double spraying system facilitates the independent control of pesticides and spraying parameters required for soybeans and corn. The optimized selection of anti-drift directional nozzles and the installation of anti-drift partition boards and shields can achieve the physical isolation of pesticide droplets. The design of the high clearance chassis with an adjustable wheel track can adapt to different planting rows and soybean plant heights. The design of the adjustable spraying width structure can adapt to the different planting widths of the corn belt and the soybean belt. The overall height of the spray boom can be adjusted and the two ends of the spray boom can be partially deformed which can adapt to the difference between the height of soybeans and corn in the whole growing stage. The results of the prototype field test include the coefficient of variation of the single nozzle flow rate was less than 15%; the coefficient of variation of spray uniformity in the direction of the spray boom was less than 10% at operating heights of 50–60 cm and pressures greater than 3 bar; and the droplet drift increased with the increase of the traveling speed, the drift of pesticides sprayed in the soybean belt to the corn belt became severe when the forward speed reached 8 km/h, and the droplet deposition density reached 43.52 points per cm2. It is recommended that in weed control, the operation speed should not exceed 7 km/h. Therefore, the boom sprayer designed for strip compound planting mode of soybean and maize could meet the plant protection operation requirements from the seedling weeding to the middle and late stage of pest control and also provide technical reference for the research and development of plant protection machinery in other compound planting modes.