This research aims to measure the microeconomic determinants of adequate employment, underemployment, other unfulfilling employment forms, and unemployment in Ecuador after the COVID-19 pandemic breakout. A multinomial Probit model was estimated to test the impact of human capital components (scholarship and age) and discrimination factors (gender, race, and marital status) in the Ecuadorian labor market. The data comes from the National Survey on Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment (ENEMDU). The results show that Ecuador’s labor market had a substantial inequality among workers in 2022. Those inequalities were closely linked to inequalities of opportunities in access to education, in the treatment that people receive based on their gender, discrimination based on the color of their skin, and due to their marital status. These results are relevant for designing and evaluating public policies aimed at reducing inequality in the Ecuadorian labor market.