High-resolution cranial ultrasound (CUS) is an important imaging tool for the evaluation of the neonatal brain. Cranial ultrasound is radiation-free, portable and provides images in real time. Cranial ultrasound can be performed for the assessment of intracranial hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, ischemic changes, intracranial infections as well as underlying congenital malformations. Doppler sonography supplements grayscale imaging for the evaluation of intracranial vascular anatomy and abnormalities. In this chapter, standard imaging techniques that help maximize the diagnostic potential of this imaging study will be discussed. In addition to major anatomic landmarks, developmental variants and scanning artifacts that could mimic pathology will also be presented.