The fusion of Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) heralds a transformative era for the fishing industry, aimed at enhancing sustainability and efficiency in the face of global challenges. This chapter delves into the myriad ways through which IoT and AI applications are redefining traditional fishing practices, focusing on smart fishing for sustainable resource management. With the fishing industry around the world facing challenges like excessive fishing, degradation of habitat, bycatch, and illicit practices, the incorporation of IoT technologies presents a glimmer of hope. Fishermen can make educated decisions by using real-time information on fish populations, environmental conditions, and gear performance by utilizing sensors, data analytics, and connectivity. The chapter explores automated fishing systems, precision fishing, gear monitoring, environmental monitoring, and the estimation of fishing efforts through technologies such as Automatic Identification System (AIS), emphasizing the role of AI in optimizing operations and ensuring the sustainability of marine resources. Innovations like AI-powered drone imagery for species monitoring and IoT-enabled weather forecasting underscore the potential for technological advancements to foster a harmonious balance between human activity and marine ecosystems. This comprehensive overview underscores the pivotal role of IoT and AI in navigating the complexities of modern fisheries management, advocating for a collaborative approach to harness these technologies for the future of sustainable fishing.