Clinical Anti-Aging Medicine: Gender Medicine and Anti-Aging Medicine

Gender medicine aims to advance research on conditions where the male–female ratio is overwhelmingly skewed towards one gender, conditions where the incidence rate is almost the same but there are clinical differences between men and women, conditions where physiological and biological understanding is still lagging in men or women, and the relationship between social status and health of men and women. The goal is to reflect the results in disease diagnosis, treatment methods, and preventive measures—a medical reform known as Gender-specific Medicine (GSM) [1]. By providing “gender-considerate medical care,” it aims to lead a healthier life, which is the same goal as “anti-aging medicine,” a field of medicine that intervenes in the biological process of aging, aims to reduce the incidence of age-related diseases such as arteriosclerosis and cancer, and aims for healthy longevity. Since the 1990s, gender medicine research originating in the United States has actively sought factors that cause gender differences in biological processes and age-related diseases. As a result, the factors that cause gender differences have been clarified as the “Sex biological differences” and “Gender psychological or cultural differences” shown in Tables 76.1 and 76.2 [2].