Dual-Band Planar Antenna Design Using Characteristics Mode Analysis for 5G Sub-6 Band and WLAN Application

A dual-band planar antenna is presented for 5G sub-6 band and WLAN applications. The antenna is developed using characteristic mode analysis (CMA). It operates at 3.5 GHz for the 5G sub-6 band and 5.8 GHz for WLAN. The initial phase involved designing conventional circular patch antennas and subjecting them to CMA for a single band. To enhance the bandwidth at 3.5 GHz and enable dual-mode functionality, the circular shape was transformed into an elliptical one. This modification contributed to the antenna’s ability to support both frequencies simultaneously. The achievement of dual-band characteristics is facilitated by incorporating an external circular ring within the elliptical structure. The external ring is specifically responsible for generating a lower mode at 3.5 GHz. A comprehensive full-wave analysis was conducted using the Finite Integration Technique (FIT) numerical approach, along with a coaxial feed, to thoroughly assess the performance of the proposed optimal design. The proposed antenna demonstrates desirable attributes for dual-band operation, making it well-suited for 5G and WLAN applications.