Fundamental Effects of Nanomaterials

The structure of the material determines the performance of the material. The morphology, particle size and distribution of the microstructure of the material are directly related to the performance of the material. When people crush a macroscopic object into ultrafine particles, it will show many strange properties, that is, its optical, thermal, electrical, magnetic, mechanical and chemical properties will be significantly different from those of bulk solids. The appearance of these characteristics is mainly caused by its surface and interface effects, small size effects, quantum size effects, quantum tunneling effects, and dielectric confinement effects.