In this paper, we focus on NCM (New Century Mathematics) textbooks’ influence on teachers’ teaching. Based on the conceptual framework of Shulman and Fan, a survey with a questionnaire and interview was conducted. The data were collected from a stratified sample from Haidian District, Beijing. The results revealed the following: the textbooks facilitated mathematics teachers’ teaching, especially in the process of Transformation; the design of activities and columns of the NCM textbooks facilitated mathematics teachers’ teaching more obviously than other features; and compared with teacher characteristics, school characteristics played a more significant role on teachers’ response about how textbooks and the features facilitating their teaching.