Walkability is an important characterization of the degree of pedestrian friendliness in cities, and is also an important element of healthy urban planning. However, due to the heat island effect and climate warming, the poor thermal comfort of walking in summer has seriously hindered residents’ willingness to walk. In this paper, we take Nanhe Community 15-min living circle in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province as an example, simulate the thermal environment in the living circle in summer through ENVI-met software, and calculate the walkability based on the walk score, and simulate the identification of the thermal environment and walkability condition of the living circle. The results show that the overall thermal environment in the study area is poor, especially in the residential and commercial areas where buildings are concentrated, which affects the residents’ willingness to travel, while the thermal environment at the edge of the study area is relatively good due to the factors such as the river. By combining the thermal environment simulation and walkability simulation results, the high walkability-low thermal comfort spaces and low walkability-high thermal comfort spaces are identified. Optimization strategies are proposed for these two types of spaces, in order to provide guidance for the improvement of walkability in the living area.