The selection of residential building types generally considers the economic benefits of land space utilization or the control of plot ratio by higher-level planning for current land utilization, with less consideration for the impact of buildings on the environment, especially the ventilation and heat dissipation of the site. In this study, three commonly used building forms, small-sized villa buildings, multi-story buildings commonly used in old communities, and high-rise buildings commonly selected in most residential areas, were chosen as research objects. The numerical simulation of wind field changes in residential areas was conducted using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The conclusion drawn is that under the same climatic background, different building forms have a significant impact on the ventilation of the environmental space, and higher building heights have a significant strengthening effect on the surrounding wind environment.High-rise buildings can achieve an average wind speed increase compared to the original area Above 50%.On the sides parallel to the incoming wind direction, there will be obvious areas of increased wind speed, and with the increase of building height, the area of increased wind speed also increases.The maximum can be expanded to 3 times the original wind speed or more.On the leeward side of the building, there will be a more obvious area of air stagnation, and the lower the building height and the smaller the volume, the larger the area of air stagnation.