Plantation forests span around 131 million hectares (ha) worldwide, accounting for 3% of the world’s forests and 45% of total planted forest area. Plantation woodlands are highly managed forests that are formed between both the first and second genera, are evenly ageing and spaced apart in a consistent manner and are primarily maintained for beneficial ends. Plantations are far more noteworthy in the context of wood output than their percentage of forest area, and their importance is likely to grow over time. In 2000, a quarter of the worldwide consumption of commercial round wood was generated from plantations. According to some projections, plantations and planted forests will produce over half of the world’s industrial round-wood supply by 2040. Beyond producing timber and fiber, woodland plantings also produce clean water, regulate the ecological cycle, trap carbon, and promote the interrelationships of terrain mosaics to preserve ecology and lessen the outcome of degradation. The service provision marketplaces have historically been expanding swiftly and planting trees will be important for both the local reimbursements for environmental care networks that manage water and soil assets as well as the world’s carbon trading. Plantation forestry in the developing nations of tropical areas is strongly nested on the political agenda due to the planted forest’s carbon storage capacity as noticed in the climate change debate. As the forthcoming model regarding environmentally friendly plantation development includes adaptation and mitigation of climate change, it is anticipated that both of the aforementioned areas would grow in significance. The loss of forest cover in many nations has resulted in increased floods, fast desertification, siltation, and accelerated soil erosion. Extensive re-establishment of tree cover by plantations is the most effective means of reversing these processes. The other important environmental role of plantations or systems of agroforestry, where wood and food crops are grown together on the same piece of land, is the key to sustainable land management in many fragile ecosystems in the tropical regions. As the population around all over the world increases and its economies grow, so does number of wood people use, for firewood, for building, for paper, and many other purposes. Plantation forests now play an essential role in wood production, particularly in tropical nations, due to numerous crucial traits such as high yield, short rotations, and accessibility. The subsequent supply of wood for the globe will also depend heavily on forest growth. If afforestation rates significantly improve, plantations can begin to relieve pressure on the world’s depleting supplies of wild forest, which is the most compelling reason to pursue plantations. Afforestation/reforestation techniques, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and the controversial Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) mechanism, are some of the new incentives that emphasize forestry plantations as a reasonably inexpensive, safe, and clean source of emission compensation.