Forests are most invaluable natural resources of any country. Indian forests are rich in floral and faunal diversity. Indian forests suffered most at the hands of foreign rulers who pursued an exploitative approach to the forests. Alarmed by the rapid deterioration of forests that threatened timber supply, the British formulated the first forest policy in 1894 to improve the condition of forests. Post-independence, India enacted two forest policies, one in 1952 and the other in 1988. Both the policies set target to have 33% forest cover. Many schemes including special initiatives were taken up to achieve the set target but there is still long way to go. This chapter discusses the above aspects and other important issues concerning Indian forests.