Sustainable Biorefinery Concept with Valorization and Utilization of Oil Palm Biomass for Value-Added Products

Large-scale palm oil processing produces an abundance of oil palm biomass, which can cause disposal problems, pollution, and consequences on global warming if not effectively handled. The palm oil sector needs to make major investments in technology to address these problems and improve the industry’s sustainability. Oil palm biomass, residues generated from oil plantation and palm oil milling, emerges as a substantial source of raw material for biorefinery activities. A sustainable biorefinery concept could be achieved through the valorization and utilization of oil palm biomass into value-added products. A potential route for enhancing the value of oil palm biomass involves conversion into non-energy applications, including biocomposites, biochemicals, and animal feed applications. Biomass pretreatment through mechanical, chemical, thermomechanical, and thermochemical processes is highlighted for efficient biomass conversion. Furthermore, the sustainability aspects of the proposed biorefinery concept, including economic, environmental, and social implications, have been analyzed. Adopting the sustainable biorefinery concept proposed in this chapter has the potential to transform the use of oil palm biomass, accelerating the transition to a more sustainable and circular bioeconomy. Through collaboration and innovative technologies, this concept can pave the way for a more sustainable future, where biomass resources are utilized efficiently, minimizing waste, and maximizing value.