Yellow mosaic disease of soybean is caused by two geminiviruses, viz., Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) and Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV). The disease symptoms are characterized by stunting of plants and yellow mosaic on the leaves which leads to reduced flowering and pod formation. It is transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in persistent circulative manner and is a major constrain for soybean cultivation in the Indian subcontinent. Pathogen has two distinct DNA components that are encapsidated in a geminate capsid. Their genome has eight open reading frames each code for a specific protein molecule. The diagnosis and detection of the pathogen and its phylogenetic analysis is carried out through rolling circle amplification using random hexa-primers and/or through PCR amplification of specific genomic segments. The disease incidence and transmission occurs at a rapid rate within 2 months of planting leading to severe yield loss to farmers. The disease managed through the use of resistant varieties and the vector management using systemic insecticides. This chapter reiterates the major characteristics, epidemiology, and management of yellow mosaic disease in soybean.