This chapter reviews empirical methodologies studying the impact of global warming on economic indicators in India. We begin with an analysis of global climate dynamics, which includes definitional debate of level and growth effects, using climate econometrics to highlight the methodological issue in temperature-GDP econometrics, and summarising methodological discussion on differentiation between weather and climate change. The chapter then evaluates India’s vulnerability to climate shocks, detailing macroeconomic impacts on critical sectors such as agriculture, health, and productivity, and reviews the evolution of India’s environmental policies. We further review the role of fiscal, regulatory, and monetary policies in facilitating climate adaptation and mitigation. Additionally, we explore diverse econometric approaches for estimating climate change impacts, including cross-sections and panel methods. This review highlights the urgency of coordinated international action and the need for India to implement robust climate policies to ensure sustainable economic growth and fulfil its emission reduction targets.