The Potential Use of Algae-Derived Green Nanomaterials in Cancer Therapy

Cancer remains the most challenging health problem worldwide, affecting millions of lives and significantly affecting the quality of life of patients. Traditional cancer treatment options often have various side effects and may not always result in the complete eradication of cancer. With emerging technology, nanotechnology has become a promising area for cancer treatment because of its potential for precise drug delivery, improved treatment effectiveness, and minimal adverse effects. Nanoparticles produced using environmentally friendly processes have attracted significant interest because of their compatibility with living organisms, decreased harmful effects, and sustainability. As algae occur naturally and are abundant in nature, several researchers have studied the environmentally friendly production of nanoparticles. Various metabolites available in algae serve as reducing and stabilizing agents for the production of nanoparticles. Green-synthesized nanoparticles, including silver, gold, zinc, copper, platinum, titanium, palladium, and iron, have demonstrated significant anticancer potential in various preclinical studies. These eco-friendly nanoparticles possess several advantages, including biocompatibility, reduced toxicity, and specific targeting capabilities, making them potential candidates for the treatment of cancer.