Land–Atmosphere Interaction

The land accounts for about one-third of the Earth’s surface. The land surface is also part of the climate system just like the ocean, and the land surface process has a significant impact on the climate. In particular, human beings live on the mainland. The ground conditions and climate change directly affect people’s living environment and various activities, especially agricultural production and transportation. At the same time, changes of the land surface conditions caused by human activities have in turn caused regional and even large-scale climate change. A series of observations in recent years have fully demonstrated that extensive deforestation, abandonment in arid and semi-arid areas, etc., have constantly destroyed the ecological balance of the Earth’s surface, leading to an irreversible deterioration of the natural environment, especially the deterioration of the climate. For instance, the persistent drought in the Sahara region of Africa and the global desertification hazard have emerged as a huge social problem. Therefore, there is widespread concern on climate change, in particular, the relationship between human activities and land use and climate change. And the interaction of various processes and climates on the land surface has gradually become an important scientific research field.