Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Healthcare Sector: A Critical Analysis

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the term used to describe the creation of computer systems that are capable of tasks that normally require human intelligence. The tasks encompassed in this domain are acquiring knowledge, logical thinking, finding solutions to problems, interpreting sensory information, and comprehending language. The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into several industries offers numerous benefits, fundamentally transforming the framework of contemporary commercial operations. AI systems have the capability to mechanize monotonous and laborious jobs, enabling firms to optimize procedures, diminish operational expenses, and augment overall efficiency. Predictive analytics, a component of artificial intelligence (AI), enables enterprises to make more informed decisions by forecasting trends, anticipating maintenance requirements, and optimizing resource allocation. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the healthcare sector, although offering significant advantages, presents a series of legal obstacles that require meticulous examination. AI is utilized in health care for diagnostic purposes, creating individualized treatment programs and facilitating drug discovery. Artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics are currently employed in both surgical and clinical environments to assist healthcare professionals and improve patient care. Hospitals and clinics are currently utilizing robots for a broader spectrum of duties in order to minimize the risk of exposure to viruses amidst the COVID-19 epidemic. On the other side, the implementation of technology in health care pertains to the confidentiality challenges and protection of patient data. The extensive quantities of confidential patient data handled by AI systems prompt concerns regarding adherence to data protection regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States or the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union. Fixing liabilities for the accountability of errors in diagnosing patients and malfunctions of AI-based medical devices is the most critical challenge for the global legal system. The absence of standardized legal frameworks for AI in health care exacerbates the situation, as current legislation may not adequately include the distinct issues presented by new technologies. This study examines the current legislation and regulations pertaining to artificial intelligence in the European Union (EU) and the United States (US). The absence of comprehensive AI legislation in India has created a significant gap, giving rise to worries about the ethical, legal, and societal consequences of AI implementation. In light of this, the researchers, after analyzing the current legal position of India and comparing it with the European Union (EU) and the United States (US). After this, the researchers proposed the good practices that India need to adopt and incorporate in the existing legal framework.