Human-AI Integration: The Next Generation Command and Control Paradigm

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has given us a glimpse of the dawn of general artificial intelligence. The advancements in digitization, informatization, and hardware capabilities have unprecedentedly demonstrated the potential of AI. With the gradual deployment of modernized equipment, command and control systems, as complex, highly interconnected, data-intensive, and real-time systems, pose significant challenges to commanders. AI, however, can effectively address the difficulties arising from these characteristics. A new paradigm of human-machine coexistence has been proposed for the next generation of command and control (C2) systems, describing its concept, development, features, capabilities, and basic architecture. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for the development of AI in C2 systems are presented.