In this paper, an evaluation is conducted on the impact of superplasticizers based on polycarboxylate on the surface tension and contact angle of water. Additionally, the main factors influencing the performance of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) are investigated. The results indicate that the ultra-high dispersion polycarboxylate superplasticizer can effectively reduce surface tension, facilitating better wetting of the solid surface compared to conventional polycarboxylate superplasticizer. With an increase in concentration, the optimal dosage is determined to be 2.5%. It is recommended to maintain the water-to-binder ratio in UHPC at 0.17. A recommended optimal steel fiber content of 2% is advised. In UHPC engineering applications, it was observed that the initial expansion reaches 700 mm, viscosity decreases by 40%, and the ultimate compressive strength increases to 180 MPa.