Development of Deposits of Solid Mineral Resources by the Open Method in Various Conditions of Mining and Geological Deposits
摘要
The study examined the technological processes involved in extracting solid minerals from open deposits, analyzing the existing methods employed across various countries. In open-pit mining of solid mineral deposits using standard mining and hauling equipment, the cost of extracting one ton of rock mass is exceptionally high and escalates significantly as the depth of the quarry increases. Under similar conditions, this cost can surpass that of extracting the same amount of rock mass via underground methods. This increase is primarily due to the necessity to construct haul roads by removing sections of the rock mass above the top layer. The complexity and sometimes the impossibility of using conventional transportation methods in adverse climatic conditions also contribute to this issue. Additionally, environmental degradation in quarries worsens due to dust and emissions of pollutant gases. The article proposes innovative technology for transporting rock masses in the mining of solid mineral deposits, aimed at ensuring environmentally safe and highly profitable operations in quarries unrestricted by depth and annual output. It justifies the innovative designs of a skip hoist powered by a gravity drive (counterweight), which moves the skip body (Kaiym et al (2023) Justification of the innovate design of the skip winch with a body moved by a counterweight gravity drive. East-Eur J Enterp Technol 4(1)(124):72–84).