Sustainable machining minimizes environmental impact and optimizes resource and energy use in machining operations. This study thoroughly explores sustainable green machining using eco-friendly cutting fluids made from vegetable oils. This article reviews the synthesis technique of nanofluids in vegetable oil. Moreover, nanoparticles’ lubrication mechanisms are discussed in this study, shedding light on how these nano additives influence friction, wear, and heat generation during machining operations. Furthermore, the effect of nanofluids on machining responses is a central focus of this review. In this paper, we discuss how the incorporation of nanofluids into machining environments affects cutting forces, surface finish, tool life, and cutting temperature. This review article suggests that vegetable oils could have the potential to serve as substitutes for synthetic cutting fluids. Such an alternative could contribute to a more efficient and cost-effective approach in the pursuit of environmental friendly machining practices.