Ebullated Bed Reactors (EBRs) are specialized bed reactors in which solid catalyst particles are fluidized with gas and liquid to create a uniform flow distribution. Ebullated Bed Reactors have a recirculating liquid phase, which causes rigorous mixing in the reactor. The liquid phase is recycled in the reactor through a centrifugal pump. If the pump is housed inside (outside) the reactor, it is called internal (external) recycling EBR. Current work is focussed on the internal recycling EBR. The performance of these reactors is governed by fluid hydrodynamics and operating parameters. The main objective of this work is to simulate internal recycling fluid flow. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used to simulate this reactor system. A 2D axisymmetric geometry with some modifications is considered for cold flow simulations in the present CFD model to understand the behaviour of this system. Cold flow simulations are carried out at lower temperatures to model fluid behaviour aiding in design and analysis. We develop a methodology to model a system without including the details of the pump. The pump effect is mimicked in the boundary conditions of the computational domain. We study the effect of the suction pressure on the recycle ratio. The flow patterns of the system are studied for the annular and recycle regions of the reactor for industrially relevant recycle ratios of 2, 4 and 6. The time taken to attain steady state varies with the axial positions within the reactor. The parametric effect on the transients of the reactor system is analysed using ANSYS FLUENT R2021, a commercial simulation software package.

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CFD Simulation of an Ebullated Bed Reactor with Internal Recycle

  • Mohit Shah,
  • S. Pushpavanam,
  • T. Renganathan

摘要

Ebullated Bed Reactors (EBRs) are specialized bed reactors in which solid catalyst particles are fluidized with gas and liquid to create a uniform flow distribution. Ebullated Bed Reactors have a recirculating liquid phase, which causes rigorous mixing in the reactor. The liquid phase is recycled in the reactor through a centrifugal pump. If the pump is housed inside (outside) the reactor, it is called internal (external) recycling EBR. Current work is focussed on the internal recycling EBR. The performance of these reactors is governed by fluid hydrodynamics and operating parameters. The main objective of this work is to simulate internal recycling fluid flow. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used to simulate this reactor system. A 2D axisymmetric geometry with some modifications is considered for cold flow simulations in the present CFD model to understand the behaviour of this system. Cold flow simulations are carried out at lower temperatures to model fluid behaviour aiding in design and analysis. We develop a methodology to model a system without including the details of the pump. The pump effect is mimicked in the boundary conditions of the computational domain. We study the effect of the suction pressure on the recycle ratio. The flow patterns of the system are studied for the annular and recycle regions of the reactor for industrially relevant recycle ratios of 2, 4 and 6. The time taken to attain steady state varies with the axial positions within the reactor. The parametric effect on the transients of the reactor system is analysed using ANSYS FLUENT R2021, a commercial simulation software package.