Radiation Planning and Evaluation

The radiation treatment planning is based on the objectives such as adequate tumour coverage, minimal normal tissue damage and uniform dose distribution throughout the target volume. In order to achieve the goals, different techniques are used in both simulation and planning. This chapter describes in detail the basic principles and methods involved in computerized treatment planning techniques. The various planning methods include conventional planning (two-dimensional), three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, volumetric arc therapy and accelerated partial breast irradiation. The treatment aids like immobilization devices and respiratory motion management systems used for effective and precise treatment delivery are also mentioned. The plan evaluation tools and methods based on the dose constraints to organs at risk and dose coverage of the target volume depending on the dose regimen are illustrated as well.