Oilseed crops are the high-value backbone of the agricultural economy after cereals. The development of disease resistant cultivars is a long-term objective for oilseed crop breeders. Fungal infections are a severe constraint in harnessing the productivity of oilseed crops. Plants have developed the mechanisms to respond to the infection by pathogen invasion attacks. Recently, significant achievements have been made in disease resistance breeding of oilseed crops to improve their genetic gain. The development of novel genomic-assisted breeding tools holds great promise to speed up the mapping and introgression of disease resistant genes/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from multiple sources. The major genes/QTLs associated with Rust, wilt, stem rot, downy mildew, powdery mildew, root rot and leaf spot diseases of oilseed crops are readily available for marker-assisted breeding. Attempts were made to briefly account for host plant resistance mechanisms and genomic resources for developing fungal disease resistance in oilseed crops. This chapter also covers the next-generation crop breeding approaches, including marker-assisted selection, genome-wide association studies, genomic selection, gene editing, functional genomics, speed breeding, epigenetic breeding and transgenic approaches for improving resistance to fungal diseases in oilseed crops. Besides, amalgamating traditional breeding approaches with new genomic-assisted breeding tools will accelerate the genetic potential of developing resistant cultivars for fungal diseases in oilseed crops. This chapter mainly encompasses the research accomplishment made in oilseed crops for fungal disease resistance and the way forward for improving the productivity in oilseed crops using novel genomic-assisted breeding strategies.