Climate and environmental changes in the three poles direct and indirect affect the realization of global sustainable development goals. Earth observation is the only technology that can realize the wide range, multi-scale, long-term space seamless, and time continuous observation of the three poles. It serves as the backbone, providing both technical and data source guarantees for SDG research in the three poles. Currently, there is a significant scarcity of high-quality data and products with high spatial and temporal resolutions to support SDG research in these polar regions. To address this gap, we have developed detection methods and products covering typical elements of the natural environment and human activities in the three poles. These elements include glacier surface freezing and thawing, glacier movement velocity, ice shelf crevasse, snow cover and depth, frozen soil type, sea ice extent, sea ice concentration, vegetation type and index, aerosol type and optical thickness, and urban impervious layer, focusing on SDG6, SDG9, SDG11, SDG13, SDG14 and SDG15. These products not only enhance our understanding of the sustainable development of the three poles but also provide essential datasets for in-depth research on the climate change in the three poles.