Groundwater Flow Modelling Using MODFLOW in the Bhadra Catchment Area
摘要
Planning for the management and sustainable development of water resources necessitates a full understanding of the processes that influence the occurrence and groundwater flow. Groundwater simulations are one of the most effective and dependable tools for studying these dynamics. In this work, MODFLOW-NWT, a Newton formulation, is applied to develop a numerical model of unconfined groundwater flow. In addition, the simulation run was carried out utilizing the Upstream-Weighting package (UPW) to handle the dry cells. Model Muse version 5.1.1.0 of USGS is used to create two layered unconfined saturated conceptual models covering an area of 2048 km2 to illustrate the aquifers in the Bhadra catchment. The model validation is based on groundwater level data from seven available observation wells. It is simulated in a transient state with the requisite boundary conditions from January 1995 to December 2005. It is observed that the volume of the storage is increasing concerning the recharge due to precipitation variations in the area. Groundwater flow variations are observed at the upper catchment which may be due to the topographical elevation.