Vertigo management depends on the underlying cause. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is typically treated with canalith repositioning and reassessed within a month; surgery is reserved for refractory cases. Ménière’s disease requires lifestyle changes, symptomatic medications, and diuretics; betahistine may reduce attack frequency, while surgery is considered for severe or unresponsive cases. Vestibular migraine is managed with trigger avoidance, stress reduction, and prophylactic agents like beta-blockers or topiramate. Urgent referral is needed for continuous vertigo, central signs, or suspected fistula. Drug therapy includes antiemetics, antihistamines, benzodiazepines, and vasodilators, with attention to dosing and side effects. Regular follow-up is essential.