Tinea Infections
摘要
Tinea refers to superficial fungal infections affecting keratinized tissues—skin, hair, and nails—caused by dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton). Clinical presentations vary by site: annular scaly plaques (corporis), itchy groin rash (cruris), scalp hair loss (capitis), thickened nails (unguium), and interdigital maceration (pedis). Diagnosis is clinical, supported by KOH microscopy, Wood’s lamp, or fungal culture. Topical antifungals suffice for superficial infections; oral agents like terbinafine, itraconazole, or griseofulvin are needed for extensive, follicular, or nail involvement. Adjunctive care includes hygiene, keratolytics, and desiccants. Monitoring ensures resolution, while treatment failure warrants reassessment, consideration of complications, or referral.