Management of lower back pain involves a holistic approach, starting with conservative treatment and progressing to imaging only when red flags are present. Psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, and malingering should be considered when symptoms persist. Tools like the STarT Back Assessment help stratify patients by risk, guiding treatment intensity. Monitoring includes regular follow-ups, clear communication, and managing expectations. Referrals are warranted for unresponsive cases or when red flags arise. Prevention focuses on staying active, strengthening the back, using correct lifting techniques, and avoiding prolonged sitting. A multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach ensures optimal recovery and reduces the risk of chronicity.