Urinary incontinence (UI) is best managed through a stepwise approach. Conservative strategies include fluid management, avoiding bladder irritants, and lifestyle modifications like weight loss and proper toileting posture. Topical estrogen may help postmenopausal women. Pharmacological options, such as antimuscarinics and beta-3 agonists, are used for urge UI, while stress UI lacks effective drug treatments. Devices like pessaries are useful for stress UI or prolapse-related obstruction, with proper training. Electrical stimulation offers benefits for urge UI. In cases of significant bladder distension without obstruction, catheterization may be needed before specialist referral. Therapy should be individualized, based on symptom type and severity.