Erectile dysfunction (ED) is assessed using the IIEF-5 questionnaire and through comprehensive history taking, including sexual, psychological, and medical factors. Physical examination focuses on the genitourinary, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. Investigations include blood tests (e.g., glucose, testosterone) and, when indicated, hormonal and cardiac evaluations. First-line treatment involves phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i), mainly sildenafil and tadalafil, tailored to patient needs. Referral to specialists such as urologists, cardiologists, endocrinologists, psychiatrists, or neurologists is advised in complex cases or when standard treatment fails. Management also includes addressing underlying psychological or systemic conditions contributing to ED..