Prostate cancer is a common, slow-growing malignancy in older men, monitored using PSA levels and risk stratification (D’Amico criteria). Diagnosis involves clinical exam, PSA testing, imaging (MRI, ultrasound), and biopsy. Management depends on disease stage, patient health, and preferences, ranging from active surveillance to surgery, radiotherapy, or androgen deprivation therapy. Monitoring includes serial PSA tests post-treatment or during watchful waiting. Risk factors include high intake of red meat, obesity, and smoking, while a healthy diet, omega-3s, and exercise are protective. Referral is essential for men over 50 with LUTS, elevated PSA, or abnormal digital rectal exams.