Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multisystem autoimmune disease with a wide range of clinical presentations and diagnostic challenges. Management includes non-pharmacological measures such as sun protection, smoking cessation, vitamin D optimization, and immunization. Pharmacological treatments include hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive agents like methotrexate and mycophenolate. Early referral is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality, especially in severe cases. Regular monitoring is essential for disease activity, medication side effects, and comorbidity screening, including ophthalmologic and osteoporosis assessments. Timely diagnosis, appropriate therapy, and follow-up can significantly improve patient outcomes and quality of life in SLE.