Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are a group of autoimmune disorders marked by systemic inflammation and the presence of autoantibodies. They include systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, Sjögren’s syndrome, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, and overlap/mixed connective tissue disease. Vasculitides and spondyloarthritides such as ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis are also key entities. Clinical features vary but often involve joint, skin, vascular, and organ systems. Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, serologic testing, and imaging. Management is multidisciplinary and focuses on symptom control, organ-specific treatment, and immunosuppression, with early referral to rheumatology essential for optimal outcomes.