Biomaterials for Nerve Tissue Engineering
摘要
The nervous system is classified as central and peripheral nervous system, and the peripheral nervous system hosts complex biochemical reactions and paracellular interactions. Due to the unique complex structure of the peripheral nervous system, many studies have been carried out within the context of nerve tissue engineering for the regeneration and recovery of function of the damaged area. Nerve tissue engineering plays an important role in tissue regeneration through the use of cells and materials containing bioactive matrix to regenerate and support damaged tissues and enhance neuromodulation. The nerve tissue regeneration is accomplished through adapting the designed biomaterials to the nerve tissue by considering the mechanical, chemical, electrical, and biological properties of the nerve tissue. The literature has focused on stem cells, membranes, gels, graft-based studies, and hybrid systems containing combinations of natural, synthetic, and composite materials to enhance tissue regeneration by increasing cellular efficiency and regeneration speed. In this study, we present a literature review of the developments and applications in biomaterials for nerve tissue engineering.