Introduction and Contextual Background

Chapter one introduces the book and the background context for understanding the horizontal and vertical nature of African migration in contemporary times. Africans have a long history of migration, both involuntary and voluntary. Several factors such as economic, political, environmental, and social instabilities in some parts of Africa have resulted in Africans migrating to other parts of Africa and the world in search of better socio-economic and political conditions. While it can provide opportunities for economic advancement and a better life, migrants often face significant challenges and hardships. Migration allows Africans to seek better economic opportunities, such as education and a more secure future that may not be available in their home countries.