Mineral raw materials are one of the five key elements in the study of mineral materials. They are not only the fundamental prerequisite or important basis for the other four elements but also an important symbol and distinct feature that differentiates the study of mineral materials from that of other materials. Both theory and practice have proven that the microstructure has a significant impact on the properties of mineral raw materials in many aspects. The microstructure is a crucial factor in determining whether many nonmetallic minerals can be effectively developed and utilized.