Processing and preparation are the external conditions (external causes) or technical means to transform mineral raw materials into mineral materials. They are one of the five major elements of mineral material science. The cement production process can be summarized as “two grinding and one firing,” and the production processes of glass and ceramics can also be similarly summarized. Unlike cement, glass, and ceramics, the processing and preparation of mineral materials have critical characteristics of diversity and complexity due to the variety of raw materials and their multiple uses. For example, Yang (2019) proposed design principles such as structure modification, surface modification, surface loading, intercalation composite, pore assembly, and spatial assembly to process and prepare layered silicate mineral functional materials. However, the processing and preparation of mineral materials also have some common or general technical processes, which can be summarized in 12 words: purification, ultrafine, modification, transformation, synthesis, and composite.