Fabrication of Epoxy Composites Using Functionalized TiO2 Nanoparticles: Experimental Investigation

This study delves into the fracture behavior and self-healing effectiveness of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites augmented with TiO2-based nanofillers. Employing the Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test, compliant with ASTM standards, the research aimed to assess the Mode-I fracture toughness (GIC) of these composite materials. The experimental procedure entailed the functionalization of TiO2 nanoparticles, fabrication of composite samples via Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM), and subsequent DCB testing using an Instron universal testing machine. GIC values were determined utilizing the Modified Beam Theory (MBT), accounting for the twisting effect during loading. Furthermore, the healing potential of the samples was evaluated through successive cycles of thermal treatment. Findings unveiled fluctuations in GIC values, influenced notably by factors such as the number of healing cycles, concentration of nanofillers, and thermal conductivity of TiO2 nanoparticles. The study concludes that while the incorporation of nanofillers may enhance specific properties, it also introduces challenges such as agglomeration issues and a reduction in self-healing efficacy. Addressing these variations and obstacles in CFRP composites contributes significantly to the advancement of their design and utilization across diverse engineering sectors.